Phonics Teaches Children to Read Essay - 821 Words

Phonics is an important part of the school’s curriculum. Converting letters to recognizable print can be taught through phonics instruction and can lead to students comprehending the meaning of text. Phonics is an approach in which children are taught to decode words by using and applying their knowledge of the relationship between letters and individual sounds to read. In planning phonics instruction you will have to decide among several forms of phonics instruction. All the approaches include instruction in letter-sound relationships but vary in the explicitness of the instruction and how organized the process is in determining the sequence of instruction. In artificial approaches to instruction, students are taught the†¦show more content†¦Some children had difficulty in expressing what they wanted to say in English, while others battled in reading one sentence in English. Other students would also have difficulty with spelling. Having phonics skill enables childre n to use letter-sound correspondences to read and spell words. For example, children segment the phonemes of a word to invent a spelling by assigning letters to represent its sounds. Children have to blend sounds together when they use letter-sound correspondences to read words they have never before seen. The challenges presented by the students also brought challenges to the correction of papers. Especially during exams extra time consumption was a major problem since checking the papers was difficult in finding out what students wanted to say or share. The researcher also found it very tiring to sit and check what students wanted to say in their reading. The challenges made the researcher find interest in the topic and find out the effects of teaching phonics to student in lower primary level of the urban area of the Cayo District. Problem: Difficulties the researcherShow MoreRelatedBenefits of Using the Phonics Method to Teach Children to Read1698 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn the more places youll go.† This quote by Dr. Seuss explains the importance of reading. Knowing how to read is very important to be successful in life. In 2009,a nationwide study by the National Center for Educational Statistics recorded that sixty-seven percent of 4th grade students, seventy-five percent of 8th grade students, and seventy-four percent of 12th grade students were not reading at a proficient levelRead MoreEssay on Understanding Phonics1504 Words   |  7 Pagesreading is like breathing is to life; an absolutely necessary component not only to succeed but to survive. To teach a child to read is to give them an opportunity to achieve their potential and realize their dreams. As teachers we should not only strive to teach children to read but mor e importantly we should ignite a passion inside of them so that each child wants to read; craving books as if they were food (or video games). Unfortunately in any given group of students a good percentage of them willRead MoreThe Effect Of Low Phonics On The Existing English Curriculum At The Early Grades Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pagesimportance and effects of adding Phonics to the existing English curriculum at the early grades of elementary 4th to 6th grades in Saudi Arabia. Phonics is an important in the whole English learning process, especially at the early ages and elementary school years. Phonics depends on sound of words and how to spell them correctly and accurately. Currently, there is no structured phonics learning implemented at our elementary schools for English learning. If the phonics is implemented, it will enhanceRead MorePhonics Vs. Phonics And Synthetic Phonics Essay1597 Words   |  7 PagesPhonics are essential to literacy and children’s ability to learn to read and write. Phonics are a system of associating letter symbols with speech sounds (Orton, n.d.). They have an important role in the Australian Curriculum and Reporting Authority: phonics and word knowledge [ACARA]. There are two main concepts related to phonics they are analytical phonics and synthetic phonics. Diana Rigg (2016) states that â€Å"direct systematic instruction in phonics during the early years of schooling is an essentialRead MoreTeaching Phonics And Teach Phonics1474 Words   |  6 Pagesteach children to read and write, with this comes different approaches that teachers’ need to be aware of. Phonics is one of the approaches adopted by teachers when teaching children to read and write. Adopting different methods of teaching phonics its what makes teachers effective, and adaptive. This essay aims to look closer at phonics and some of the different approaches used to teach phonics in the classroom. Phonics approaches that will be discussed in this paper include synthetic phonics, AnalyticRead MoreTa Level 3 Ncfe Course1727 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment. The teaching assistant could read to the pupils on a daily basis, this will help pupils learn how fluent reading sounds and this will help them understand how sentences and text can make sense, and will learn when to pause for full stops, question marks etc, and they will also learn how using expression in reading can make a story more exciting and understandable. The teaching assistant can have one to one sessions with a pupil, getting them to read certain passages aloud from a story andRead MoreTeaching Phonics And Teach Phonics1414 Words   |  6 Pagestasks required by teachers is to teach children to read and write, with this comes different approaches that teachers need to be aware of. Phonics is one of the approaches adopted by teachers when teaching children to read and write. Teachers adopt different methods to teaching phonics its what makes them effective teachers and adaptive. This essay aims to look closer at phonics and some of the different approaches used to teach phonics in the classroom. Phonic approaches that will be discussed inRead MoreTeaching Phonics Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesPhonics is described as â€Å"understanding letter-sound relationships, as well as larger letter pattern/sound pattern relationships† (Ruddell, 2009). Though in my opinion there is a lot more to phonics than this. There are several asp ects to phonics, different types of phonics, negatives to the idea, and several ways to teach it. In this paper I will address all of these based on research I found, the discussion I had with my peers, and my own opinion. There are different aspects to phonics that shouldRead MoreThe Effect Of Explicit And Systematic Approaches On Students Literacy Development1433 Words   |  6 Pagessystematic approaches on student’s literacy development. The benefits of allowing children to choose their own reading literature and the findings of the research completed in this area will also be discussed. Effective reading instruction is the suggestion that all pupils can learn to read to the best of their ability (Bayetto 2013). It helps children to make sense of written language, it is based on what children already know to help them learn more (the Commission on Reading of the National CouncilRead MoreTeaching Effective Reading Instruction And Key Reading Skills1692 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many benefits provided to students who are systemically and explicitly taught effective reading instruction and key reading skills, though children may not always have opportunities in order to benefit to the full extent. The main approach to teaching effective reading instruction can be broken down into two definitions; â€Å"Systematic instruction reflects several important characteristics. Skills and concepts are taught in a planned, logically progressive sequence† (A Closer Look at the Five

A Correlation Between Emotion-Focused Coping With Test...

A Correlation Between Emotion-Focused Coping With Test Anxiety And Age Motivation can come from a variety of factors in an individual’s life, stress is one of those factors that can have either a positive or a negative effect (Deckers, 2014; Heiman, 2004). Stress can appear in an individual through physiological, psychological and behavioural symptoms (Deckers, 2014). Deckers (2014) conveys that when an individual has a physiological response to stress, it is the product of hormones creating the symptom in the body, for example, nausea or sweating. In addition the psychological symptoms representing stress are identified through the level of stability of an individual’s mind and feelings, and can be rated through measures of anxiousness, nervousness, self-confidence, irritability or negativity of emotions (Deckers, 2014). Behavioural symptoms of stress can be enacted out by an individual through excessive or dysfunctional conduct, for example, through an increase in con sumption of alcohol or caffeine, an intake of drugs, or poor sleeping habits (Deckers, 2014). Although the symptoms mentioned have an attached negative stigma, it does not necessarily follow that all encounters with it will result in negativity. Deckers (2014) explains that stress can be a motivator to a goal: if a problem arises in the pursuit of the goal, stress can occur, then an individual could be encouraged to overcome the situation to achieve their goal through coping. Lazarus and Folkman (cited inShow MoreRelatedHuman Health And Coping Styles Of Migrant And Non Migrant Women1423 Words   |  6 Pagesmental health and coping styles of migrant and non-migrant women in Jammu and Kashmir. 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This study will discuss the results of two tests, which are the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventories (School Form) and the Five Factor Wellness InventoryRead MoreAn Attachment For Successful Emotional And Social Development Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pages Attachment is a strong emotional connection between two people, often a bond between a child and caregiver. Since Bowlby’s (1969) theory, describing the importance of developing an attachment for successful emotional and social development, other researchers have theorised that not forming attachments affects individuals, including their possible development of mental health issues. Researchers have replicated Ainworths and Wittig’s (1969) Strange Situation experiment, using the results forRead More Psychological Development Essay624 Words   |  3 PagesWith all the multiple tests there was no negative impact on the pregnant women’s intelligence (Christensen et al., 2010). Therefore, with this study there was no significant evidence of cognition decline with women during and after pregnancy. The â€Å"results challenge[d] the view that mothers are anything other than the intellectual peers of their contemporaries† (Christensen et al., 2010 pg. 132). A complimentary study focused on emotional intelligence and its link to coping ability, fatigue, depressionRead MorePositive Psychology3118 Words   |  13 Pagescourage, forgiveness, positive coping strategies, interpersonal skills, positive attribution style, spirituality, and wisdom. Lastly, it is the group level which is about the collection of individuals (e.g. family, school and commu nity) that enables the individual to strive and thrive. However, the focus of this paper is at the individual level, specifically one human’s greatest strength; coping. Whenever we mention about coping, we often associate coping with stress. Firstly, let meRead MoreThe Relationship between The Use of Technological Communication and Social Skills in College Students 1793 Words   |  7 PagesThis study examined the relationship between the use of technological communication and social skills in college students. A total of 100 male and female undergraduate students at John Jay College were surveyed about their social skills, technology use, Internet behavior and attitude. 60 of these participants, chosen at random, participated in a conversation taking place in a lab setting that was observed by researchers, in order to evaluate non-verbal social skills. The hypothesis was that participantsRead MoreThe Truth behind Aging: The Facts from the Fiction1991 Words   |  8 Pagesadults overall mental status? And finally, 3) is there any relation between having a physical mobility deficits and depression? Through this examination of my p ropagated in UP, the reader will gain better insight into what are true generalizations vs. myths about the elderly. Depression: According to Comer, of the estimated 35 million people in the U.S. that are over the age of 65, 6.5 million, are in need of some sort of mental health servicesRead MoreDeployment And Integration : The Most Stressful Phase Of A Deployment Essay3408 Words   |  14 Pagesdiscoveries are definitely unique. Boberiene (2014) found that three out of every four families feel that reintegration after the first three months is the most stressful phase of a deployment (Boberiene, 2014). This is because the family experiences many emotions while the member is away. It appears that, families and children didn’t require as much time to adjust to reintegration as much as the families did in Bobriene’s (2014) study. It may be that all families and children handle reintegration differentlyRead MoreThe Issues And Effects Of Military Families4456 Words   |  18 Pages this paper analyzes issues that fall under each of these three themes. That is, School and Educational Effects and Deployment, Psychosocial and Behavioral Effects of Deployment, Education and School Environment Intervention Programs, and Family Focused Intervention programs. Introduction One of the most difficult challenges that military families and children have to face is deployment and reintegration. When Service individuals are deployed on extensive missions, the capacity to viably

Henry Louis Gates Jr free essay sample

Henry Louis Gates, Jr. # 8217 ; S What # 8217 ; s In A Name Essay, Research Paper In Henry Louis Gates, Jr. s, What s in a Name, a childhood incedent takes topographic point that trades with his male parent presuming the name George from a white adult male he passes in the street. Gates method is effectual because it informs people of some of the jobs that still go on today with African-American, and helps us larn where and when to take a base. Taking a base at the right clip can take other people to see attempts traveling on and fall in the opposition. Much like Gates father I was forced to do a determination on the issue of racism that was a defining minute in my relationship to friends and to my base against racism. Never did I hate racism so much as I did after this event took topographic point in my life. I am white. Period. No inquiries asked. I am the epitomy of the white adult male. This includes pastelike tegument, preppy apparels, lentigos, can t run or leap, love Spaghetti-O s, and have no job wolfing down a block of Cheddar cheese with a Dr. Pepper. My best friends, nevertheless, go on to be a brace of Afro-american brothers who seem to be merely the antonym. Our simularities and friend relationships are based on wit. Humor that pokes merriment at ourselves and where we neer truly hold to worry about aching the others feelings or even necessitating a come- back line. We crack our egos up. Although they still badger me about the cheese, I won T usage the point about watermellon any longer. This is because I know that niether Ephraim nor Johan will eat watermellon in public. One can seldom of all time catch these immature work forces on the down side, so why would a steriotype inflict plenty hurting to do the fruit and vegetable lovers to lose out on the joys of watermellon? Steriotypes injury. Even for cats that can express joy at anything incorrect with them, including self-professed stupidity. This is why Gates chose to compose about the name incident. Person realized this construct and set it in a book so that more people would hold the opportunity to read it. Not to do racialist people think twice, because more than probably, that won t happen, but to inform the people like me to look around and notice that what I m badgering approximately could really be aching even the greatest kidders. It took a head changing event to acquire me to recognize it because I neer truly applied all the information that I knew on the topic of racism to my friends at place, even though they joked about being the Black Guy, and called each other niggas. One eventide I found myself hanging with two sets of black brothers and another black cat on the black side of town. It s a nice residential country, ever clean, ever quiet, and we stood outside of our town s ain small version of Malcolm-X s house ( the other black cat ) . As I showed off my newest auto demo, a white Dodge Stealth, we laughed it up and talked about non-sense. Suddenly an old, crush up, ruddy truck full of Skin Heads drove by, blaring state music and hollering lewdnesss. This made my friends mad but they let it skid as the truck drove away. We began to discourse these self-proclaimed Skin Heads and the panic they had been reaking in there ain school as a pack, dressed in black jackets, featuring the Notre Dame Fighting Irish logo on the dorsum. Suddenly the truck was back and parked on the ruddy, brick route from us. In our silence the group of seven began to stack out of the truck and walk toward us. Jason, ( our tall, gangling Malcom-X ) I saw in the corner of my oculus, began to acquire fidgety, nervous, and hoppy, like he was acquiring ready to utilize his ruddy belt in Karate. A film scene began to play before my eyes as the larger one punched a dent in side of my Stealth s wing. Then the leader broke the silence, Too bad it s Jap Crap, huh? ( mentioning to the Mitsibishi 300GT with the same organic structure manner ) . Johan, the philosopher of our group, allow their laughter brood for a minute of glorification so unleashed a brightly dry revenge, It s a Dodge Y ou nescient screw. We burst in tolaughter which made the leader cut to the pursuit, as I merely stood there still contemplating what they did to my auto. He asked who s auto it was and I raised my manus still gazing at the dent. He so apologized and told me I was free to travel. I made the determination so, I m non go forthing, you re the one uninvited. Coming in my town believing you can merely run it like you do hickville. I couldn t believe the Old Western I had thrown myself into. White nigga, another one chimed in. What? ! Jason exclaimed. Shut-up Nigger! Ephraim tried to acquire out of the now evidently inevitable, Hey why Don T you guys merely leave. With that, the closest to me ran and plug me in the ribs and the full topographic point froze. I didn t understand what was traveling on merely yet, it was go oning excessively fast. As he stood there waiting for me to come back the remainder jumped in to the battle. They had no thought the unbelievable strength of Ephraim and Johan or Jason s ruddy belt. The best 1 was the three on two lucifer with Josh and Mario, boies of Chandler s Karate Sinsce, black belts, and brothers who love to contend. I was still stuck, inquiring what I do. My opposition got annoyed and ran at me once more but this clip my defeat kicked in and I kicked his articulatio genus backwards and followed with a clout to the pharynx. I had no thought how I did that but as I jumped on top of him and allow out uninterrupted blows to the face, things fell into slow gesture. It occured to me as I ripped my brass knuckss up, These hapless people are excessively nescient to assist themselves, why did they have to make it? As I was pulled off I began to shout like I had lost the battle. I felt sorry for the imbeciles as they sped off. I sat on the lawn in silence, treating what happened, as the remainder laughed about how bad they whipped tail. They were naming each other bad-ass niggas and it all clicked. I turned and yelled at them, Why are you naming each other that? Don T you see, that puts you on the same degree as them, utilizing the same linguistic communication, that doesn Ts make sense! Amazingly, they all got my point right off. I ve neer heard any of them use that word since. After this event, the narrative got around to Wellston where the Skin Heads come from. A hebdomad subsequently they were picking on a school swot. The swot hauled away and cracked one s olfactory organ so preceded to contend three at one time. Then the football participants jumped in and crush up the tegument caputs. Subsequently that month the school functionaries band team jackets and chapeaus from being worn on school belongings. Because they couldn t frock alike they seemed to non be as strong because they didn Ts have that squad tie. They were all dominoes waiting for the right push. This is why we should maintain reading units about race or any other job. Peoples are cognizant, certain, but most don T truly understand and so they wouldn Ts have the ryme or ground to stand up to contend. Others need to hear it so that when they are pressured to follow the group and be racialist they understand what it does. Read such as What s in a Name are non here for the inkinesss, or the racialists. It s written for the people who wouldn Ts usually take a base. Any name used to catragorize a group of people in a negative sense shows pure ignorance on that individual s portion. When that group begins to name members of their group the same name so they are allowing the ignorance controll them. Taking a base against it in a given state of affairs will necessarily take others to take the base. There is strength in Numberss. The more combatants, the more strength and versitility-which accordingly brings in even more people to the battle. Whether physically and publically combat, or composing a simple essay, they both form the simple intent of informing nuetral people of the grade of hurting that racism brings, and exposes the ignorance of it to the imbeciles who don t hatred but want to suit in some how.

Records by Foreigner free essay sample

Music that holds attention for over 30 years doesnt always come with an entire album like the Foreigners Record from 1982. Great hits still commonly heard on commercials, in movies, and karaoke bars today such as Feels like the First Time or Juke Box Hero can be found on this compilation of the best from the first four albums of Foreigner. Although it is missing what is considered one of the greatest hits of Foreigner Blue Morning, Blue Day, the album still effortlessly expresses the cummulative style of a band who takes inspiration from the heart of the 80s. Like many of the bands of this time, Foreigner features a classic mixture of guitar solos, da-da-dum drum sounds, notable bass guitar lines, keyboards, and of course rustic vocals throughout the album. The use of these now classic sounds are different in every song. They accompany lyrics in a way that rises to a climax and slowly falls to a fade away sound. We will write a custom essay sample on Records by Foreigner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As diverse as the use of their style is, an unknowing listener may not appeal to the entire album. Much of the songs can arguably sound similar if not the same to someone who does not appreciate or pay much attention to their music. Musicians would easily be able to appreciate the sounds brought in each song from the keyboard dominant Cold As Ice, to rough town sound Long,Long Way from Home. With a rough and yet laid back sound mixture that appeals to lyrics meant to reveal raw feelings, the album is relatable to any listener. Each song is about an extreme feeling that everyone has felt in some way. Whether it’s a song about love, lust, or fight, Records truly captures the feel of the band all in one short 40 minute album. For some, it sounds the same as any other oldies song album, and for others, its the album to bring back memories. Sounds connected to the timeless stories anyone could rock out to.

How Long Should My Resume Be

How Long Should My Resume Be There are many articles out there on the topic of how long your resume should be. Two that were informative for me are  How Long Should My Resume Be?,  from Great Resumes Fast, and  Resumes for Executive Jobs Tips on Length, Formatting and Style,  by Matthew Rothenberg of TheLadders. My guideline is that if you are a new graduate, your resume should be one page if at all possible. If you have 10 years of work experience, it will probably be two pages. I recommend always having a one-page resume at the ready if you are expecting to work with recruiters. I disagree a bit with the formatting advice from TheLadders. I do not like underlining or changes in font size as a formatting tool. I much prefer the option of Small Caps which you will find under the font menu. Its a great way to create emphasis. Remember, even though you probably wont include graphics in your resume (other than perhaps some nice lines and tasteful shading), your resume is a  work of art. Print it out and make sure it looks professional! Its likely that if you underlined a lot and multiple font sizes you will change your mind quickly about your artistic choice when you look at the document in hard copy.

5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes

5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes 5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes 5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes By Mark Nichol Em dashes are handy little items for setting phrases apart for special attention, but be cautious when employing them, because when misused, they can obscure rather than assist in comprehension: 1. â€Å"For the most part, this water comes from aquifers that’s groundwater or from surface waters that is, rivers and lakes.† When em dashes come in pairs, what lies between is a parenthetical digression that merits a more dramatic break than that indicated by a brace of commas or two parentheses. If the parenthetical phrase ends the sentence, however, only a single em dash is needed. But three or more em dashes in one sentence creates an ambivalence in the sentence structure. In this case, it’s better to use parentheses and to avoid mixing em dashes and parentheses for digressions of equal or parallel impact, use them for the second digression as well: â€Å"For the most part, this water comes from aquifers (that’s groundwater) or from surface waters (that is, rivers and lakes).† 2. â€Å"Her recent roles have shown her interest and her ability to go beyond the usual popular movie.† Be careful that when a phrase is parenthesized, what precedes and follows it is grammatically sound: â€Å"Her recent roles have shown her interest in going and her ability to go beyond the usual popular movie.† 3. â€Å"The collapses could play out in the seven states that rely on the Colorado River and its tributaries Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming as ever-increasing water use, ever-growing population and a changing climate shrink the flow.† If the parenthetical delineates a list or the parts of a whole, as here, the opening em dash should immediate follow the whole: â€Å"The collapses could play out in the seven states Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming that rely on the Colorado River and its tributaries as ever-increasing water use, ever-growing population and a changing climate shrink the flow.† (Otherwise, the sentence identifies the states as tributaries.) 4. â€Å"There may be a decrease in prices- but incomes are rising- so that outcome may not happen.† When you use an em dash, you should know what you’re getting yourself into. In this sentence, the writer meant to set off the entire second clause, not just the parenthetical, which is bereft without the phrase following the second em dash: â€Å"There may be a decrease in prices- but incomes are rising, so that outcome may not happen.† 5. â€Å"Maybe it’s just because no matter how many people have been through here the space remains the same, seemingly untouched by human hands.† By the same token, many sentences simply don’t merit even a single em dash there’s nothing to mark off for emphasis. Perhaps the writer meant to place the em dash in lieu of the comma after same, rather than the one following here, but commas suffice in both positions: â€Å"Maybe it’s just because no matter how many people have been through here, the space remains the same, seemingly untouched by human hands.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)15 Great Word GamesEducational vs. Educative

Country with a Large Refugee - Afganistan Essay

Country with a Large Refugee - Afganistan - Essay Example Gibney (p.1). Moreover, political conflicts, destruction, and social unrest showered refugees nowhere but primarily in Pakistan and Iran. By doing this the Afghans not only brought mistrust on themselves but carried their war into other lands and created unrest there too. Since then, Pakistan, Iran nor Afghanistan has seen a silver lining in the cloud. This research will mainly focus on answering these five questions in detail, giving evidences and providing conclusions. As Afghanistan is limited by topographical and ethnic divisions, by the end of 19th century, the British and Russians acknowledged the importance of the weak country, acting as a buffer between them. This was the reason why the finalizing of its borders, in 1890’s raised the concerns of London and Moscow. So the Iron Amir of Afghanistan, Abdur Rahman Khan, had to seek help of British subsides. This pattern continued, with little variations, till 1978. Then America replaced Britain as leader of the West after W orld War II. The two giants of the age continued to interpolate Afghanistan, which was both profitable and at the same time, risky for it. None of them wanted a war in Central Asia, and so their agreements maintained Afghanistan’s territorial integrity. In order to do so, the Soviets and US paid for its internal security and economic development, as Afghanistan was unable to do so by itself. Hence, this scenario not only shows the disadvantage of Afghanistan acting as a buffer-state, but also the profit it was getting by doing so. Unfortunately, this scenario ended with the Marxist Coup of April 1978 as Afghanistan went from the buffer state to the Cold-War front line. Now only the Soviets had their interest left in the country, so it was only they who provided money and offered guarantees. The Soviets secretly encouraged and financed Afghan communists from before the formation of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) until the party unexpectedly came to power t hrough a military coup on 27 April 1978. USSR, without much evidence, fueled the fire by sending advisors for helping PDPA give control back to Nur Muhammad Taraki. When this help was resisted by the masses, Moscow retaliated by sending in military men who started commanding the Afghans forces unofficially. This is how it all started, what we know today as the Invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union. Their era however ended in the poor country when the Mujahidin, who had fought the Soviet Union took control of Kabul on 28 April 1992. The fighting between the

External and Internal Environments Research Paper - 1

External and Internal Environments - Research Paper Example Radio waves differ when it comes to distance. This implies that the distance could be a few meters as that of the television remote case or millions of miles deep into the space. The wireless communication encompasses a variety of fixed, mobile or portable applications, personal digital assistants, cellular phones and two way radios (Bussey, 2000). There exist various examples to depict the radio wireless technology in the modern societal setting. For instance, wireless computer peripherals; mouse, keyboard, headphones, garage doors openers, radio receivers, cordless phones, satellite television and also the broadcast television. In the recent past, sound, light, electronic and magnetic fields are applicable to achieve the wireless communication. Every industry has a number of key players. The organization is a subsidiary of the (ABT) American bell Telephone. AT & T’s formation was in the Yester years with it is headquarters in Dallas Texas. Currently, the company is the large st fixed and mobile telephony provider and also provides subscription television services in the United States. As of 2012, various world rankings had AT & T suited at the top helm according to value and performance. For instance, the company ranked 20th worldwide in terms of mobile telephony operations and overall as the 7th largest company in the Unites States of America. The intention of this discussion is to delineate the over performance of AT & T as a key player in the booming wireless industry. In the wireless industry

My Version of Happiness Essay Example for Free

My Version of Happiness Essay What is happiness? For me, with my sixteen years of life as my basis to define what it is, I think happiness is making friends, meeting new people, enjoying what you have, loving what you have, accepting what you have, enjoying what youre doing, being in a situation that youll remember and laugh at later on, trying to smile, unconditional love, irrepressible smiling, having a crush, pursuing and finding success in pursuit, learning new things the easy way, witnessing something funny, sugar rush, and many other things. Basically, at this moment, happiness, for me, is acceptance, hoping, and believing. I say that because those are the things that have made me happy. Since happiness is subjective, or at least I find it to be so, I know that happiness, for me, is more often than not, ephemeral. It is spontaneous. It causes you to be so as well. It comes when you expect it and when you dont. It is more beautiful in the latter. Some people devote their entire existence to finding it. I think, though, that it is like a dogs tail; if it is sought for like a tangible object, it will not be caught. Some people make sad attempts at trying to generalize what it is. Some people write books on how to acquire it. Like a step by step program, cookbook style. Some people live life waiting for it. Some people observe how other people respond to the temptation to be happy. I guess, Im part of those people, but if thats so, who observes us? Some people neglect happiness; they dont look for it, they doubt its existence. Some people try to find their purpose in the hope of finding happiness with it. Some people just live. Some people are always filled with it. Some people say they have found it. Some people think they have found it. Some people feign happiness. Some people try to know things to be able to know what happiness is. Some people try to justify their happiness. Some people buy things to become happy. Some people neglect being empty to be happy. Some people hide it. Some people write about its nature. Some people find other people, and happiness comes with them sometimes. I do all that, different approaches for different moments. Happiness is tricky thing, deadly as a drug, addicting like one, yet it is legal. It could be a state of mind, but it could just as well be someone or something.

Essay --

Throughout The Awakening, water the main motif serves as a catalyst to the metamorphosis of Edna. During the length of the story Edna goes through a process of changes that coincides with the presence of water. Water serves as a conduit for liberation and empowerment that facilitates the rebirth and even death of Edna. In this essay I will argue that the motif of water represents the continual transformations that occur within Edna throughout the story. The story opens on the Grand Isle off the coast of Louisiana, completely surrounded by water with the Gulf of Mexico to the South. Here the protagonist Edna and her family often stay for summer vacations. The Grand Isle separated by other landmasses by water represents the independence and solitude the body of water provides in comparison to the other settings of the story such as, New Orleans. It is here on the Isle that Edna begins to discover her independence. The waters around the Isle have seduced Edna during her stay. â€Å"The Gulf, whose sonorous murmur reached her like a loving but imperative entreaty† (Chopin 32). Even from the land in the safety of her summer home, the sea has enticed and attracts her towards it. The presence and embrace of the sea is a constant acquaintance to Edna. In contrast, her husband frequents the club and children who are unattended by her. The continual presence of the sea allows Edna to reflect on her life such as seeing her image on the surface of water. â€Å"The voice of the sea is seductive; never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander for a spell in abysses of solitude; to lose itself in mazes of inward contemplation. The voice of the sea speaks to the soul. The touch of the sea is sensuous, enfolding the body ... ...he presence of water as the motif in this story facilitates these transformations for Edna. On the Grand Isle, the constant presence of the ocean begins a metamorphosis within Edna that alters her perspective of herself in relation to others. She begins to fulfill her desires and abandon her responsibilities as a wife and mother to her family, in order to pursue a life of independence. Allowing her to fulfill her desires to be a painter and be with Robert. Critical moments of self-reflection for Edna occur in the presence of the ocean. It is at the ocean where she first realizes her desire to be independent. Also the empowering force of the ocean allows Edna to be a dictator of her fate. She ultimately decides to take her life and be free from other’s wants and expectations from her. The water was the catalyst that allowed Edna to be liberated and obtain her desires.

Lord God forgive me! Essay

   The grenade had been thrown and it goes through it’s stages building up to the horror of the war. â€Å"(Swish swish swish BANG)! † This quote shows that there is silence at first and Sherriff shows what the grenade would do. He shows the tense of the atmosphere for example the type of smooth faint noise the grenade would make when it is in the air and then it builds up to the great noise when the grenade lands on the ground. This quote shows the tense of the atmosphere and the stages it goes through until it seems completely realistic. Sherriff uses the this example in the stage direction to show the horror’s of war through the atmosphere, through noises he is able to show the violence there is in the war, this quote can help the director create the scene and help the audience give a better understanding of the horror’s of war. R. C Sherriff uses a variety of different structures of language through the characters, he shows the audience on how the soldiers had spoken most of the time through out the war and how they might speak due to their class. For example, upper class soldiers would speak in a more posh accent and have a better use of grammar whereas the lower class soldiers would use army jargon such as â€Å"minnies† and â€Å"pineapple’s† as well as slang such as characters dropping the letters in some words, for example a soldier says e instead of he. Sherriff had created characters with this characteristic on language so he could show the rank the men are in. Osborne is from an upper class therefore he uses language in a good sense of grammar and he speaks words in a posh accent. â€Å"Osborne: Cheerio. † This quote shows that a character called Osborne is from an upper class since he uses words like â€Å"Cheerio† which is a posh word. Mason a cook who constantly speaks slang shows his characteristics to be from a lower class since he uses that sort of language and has a poor level of work in the war. â€Å"Mason: E said the leopard can’t change its spots. † This quote shows that a character called Mason is from the lower class since he speaks slang, for example he drops his h when saying he. Sherriff had initially done this because this reflects the rank the men are from so it can give a clear understanding of the characteristics to the audience. The characters Raleigh and Stanhope are significant roles in the play. Raleigh holds the characteristics of a nai ve, inexperienced and gormless person who had just joined the company. Stanhope, who is more opposite to Raleigh, he runs the company which shows that he is much more experienced. Raliegh had known Stanhope from school even though Stanhope was three years older than Raleigh. The characters mainly represent the horrors of war by talking about violence in their conversations and actually going through the process of it when coming to the points of attacking and fighting. Through out the course of the play the characters interact with each other dramatically and emotionally. Their behaviour reflects how they had survived the war, for example they would try not to talk about bad and emotional events and they would try to adapt to positive points while drinking rum. Stanhope talks about upcoming violent events. â€Å"Stanhope: We must expect this attack on Thursday morning. † This quote shows how the characters would represent the horrors of war by talking about an attack which hold the structures of violence, it makes the audience imagine a fight of some sort and injuries which reflect the horror’s of war. When the soldiers were to attend an attack six soldiers went but five came back and one had died which was Osborne. â€Å"Stanhope: Four men and Raleigh came back sir. Colonel: I’m very sorry. Poor Osborne. † This quote shows that one of the soldiers had died which shows death as a part of the horror’s of war and the men interact kindly with each other at this point because their fellow friend had just died. There are many ways the Stanhope and Raleigh had interacted with each other through out the play. At first points of the play Raleigh was more of the shy person and had seemed more scared to talk to Stanhope. â€Å"Stanhope: How did you get here? Raleigh: I was told to report to your company, Stanhope. † This quote shows how Raleigh had reacted in a more respectable manner and had called him Stanhope instead of his original name, Dennis. In addition this quote shows that Raleigh had deliberately joined Stanhope’s company which shows that he cares for Stanhope. The play shows how the soldiers were able to cope with the horrors of war since Stanhope had come back from an attack and he had started to celebrate with the other soldiers as soon as he gets back. â€Å"Mason: I thought I might tell you sir, this is the last bottle. Stanhope: The last bottle! Why damn it, we brought six. Mason: I know sir, but five of them have gone. † This quote shows that even after Osborne’s death, the soldiers are not that emotional because they face their problems to alcohol and try not to remember those emotional and heartbreaking moments. This quote shows the behaviour the soldiers had that would help them to cope with the horror’s of war. Overall this play shows the horrific effects of war and that it puts a bad example on a person, and soldiers are not treated fairly due to their personal problems. In my opinion I think that there is no reason for war, it does nothing other than create a bigger stage of conflict. It ruins many soldiers life, when they could have had a ordinary life but war can put immediate effect on it. Overall I think that R. C Sherriff had tried to outline the horrors of war, the causes of it and how it can also cause soldiers to suffer. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

Example of Perfect Competition in the Philippines

MARKET STRUCTURES IN THE PHILIPPINES â€Å"A term paper submitted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements in Microeconomics† Submitted by : Jake Kevin P Borja BSBM – IIB Submitted to: Ms. Azelle Agdon Date of submision : October 10, 2012 I. Introduction Any study of economics has to begin with an understanding of the basic market structure of the country. An economy is made up of producers of goods and services, of traders who make these goods and services available in the market, of consumers who buy the goods and services and so on. Philippine is an industrialized country wherein there is a lot of establishments and firms inside it. A of lot competitions here like retail trade, including restaurants, clothing stores, convenience stores, gasoline stations and etc. We all have the freedom to enter a new business firm, we just need the extensive knowledge of prices and technology. The real world is widely populated by competitors whereas half of the economy’s total production comes from competitive firms. A market structure is characterized by a large number of small firms but not identical products sold by all firms. These are the four basic market structure in the Philippines, Pure competition, monopoly, oligopoly and cartel. Competitors have typically small firms, absolute and relative and capital requirements are low. Competitive industries is relatively easy but we have to know the market structure where we will establish our own business because if not  nothing prevents an competitor from holding a going out of business sale and shutting down. II. Pure Competition The market consists of buyers and sellers trading in a uniform commodity such as wheat, copper or financial securities. No single buyer or seller has much effect on the going market price. A seller cannot change more than the going price, because buyer can obtain as much as they need at the going price. In a purely competitive market, marketing research, product development, pricing, advertising and sales promotion play little or no role. Thus, sellers in these markets do not spend much time on marketing strategy. A market said to be purely competitive if :1. There is a large number of buyers and sellers of the commodity each too small affect the prices of the commodity.2. The output of all firms in the market are homogenous. Example: The product of any seller is considered as exactly alike in all respects to the product of any other seller and :3. There is perfect mobility of resources. Example: There is freedom of entry into and exit in the industry. Perfect competition : To the far left of the market structure continuum is perfect competition, characterized by a large number of relatively small competitors, each with no market control. Perfect competition is an idealized market structure that provides a benchmark efficiency.Example of Pure Competition : Wheat Farm – There are great number of similar farms; the product is standardized; there is no control over price; there is no nonprice competition. However, entry is difficult because of the cost of acquiring land and from present proprietor. Ofcourse, government programs to assist agriculture complicate the purity of this example. III. Monopoly A market with a sole supplier of good and services or resources for which there is no close subtitute. In addition, there is barriers to entry of new firms. In economics, an industry with a single firm that produce a product, for which there are no close substitutes and in which significant barriers to entry prevent other firms from entering the industry to compete for profit is called Pure Monopoly. One firm ; unique product ; with no close substitutes ; much control over price ; price maker ; entry is blocked ; mostly public relation advertising. * There is Market Power * Single Seller * One product ( Limited or no group substitutes ) * Barriers to entry The Meralco Electric Company is a perfect example of Monopoly in the Philippines. The only supplier of electricity in our country Birth of Meralco in 1903. Meralco started its electric service to Manila by taking over operation of La Electricista's system. However, Meralco built its own steam generating plant on Isla Provisora near the Ayala Bridge which powered the streetcar system and eventually also the electric service. Getting Started, 1903-1905 On April 10, 1905, Meralco's street railway system was formally inaugurated. By year-end, the completed system consisted of about 40 miles (63 km.) of track crossing the business section of Manila and beyond. It passed the busy streets of Binondo, Escolta, San Nicolas, Tondo, Caloocan, Malabon, Quiapo, Sampaloc, Santa Mesa, San Miguel, and other strategic parts of Manila. Constituting for a long time the largest single investment of private capital of any nationality in the Philippines, it reflected a pioneering act of faith in the future of the country Over the years, Meralco's transportation service grew and improved. Bigger and better streetcars with double wheel-trucks and closed sides were added. The Electric Service Within less than a decade from 1905, the annual earnings of Meralco's Electric Department began to surpass those of Transportation. When war broke out in 1941, Meralco's earnings were roughly 80% electric, 10% autobuses and 10% railway. There are two types of Monopoly:Regulated MonopolyNon – regulated MonopolyRegulated Monopoly : The government permits the company to set rates that will yield a â€Å"fair return†. Non – regulated Monopoly : Company is free to price at what market will bear IV. Oligopoly One characterized by small number of firms where quantity sold by any one firm is influenced by its choice in respect of strategic variables ( such as prices, product, design, research and development, advertising and sales location ) and these choices are strongly influenced by other firms in the industry. In economics, the market consist of few sellers who are highly sensitive to each other’s pricing and marketing strategies. There are few sellers because it is difficult for new seller to enter the market. Each seller is alert to competitor’s strategies and move. Few firms ; standardized or differentiated products ; some control over price in a narrow range ; relatively easy entry ; much nonprice competition ; advertising ; trademarks ; brand names. In the middle of the market structure, residing closer to monopoly, is oligopoly, characterized by a small number of relatively large competitors. Each with substantial market control. A substantial number of real world markets fits the characteristics of oligopoly. * Small number of firms * Product differentiation may or may not exist * Barriers to entry Examples : 1. Hometown Supermarkets – Supermarkets are few in number in any one area ; their size makes new entry very difficult, there is non – price competition. However, there is much price competition as they compete for market share and there seems to be no collusion. In this regard, the supermarket acts more like a monopolistic competitor. This may vary by area. 2. Steel Industry – within the domestic production market. Firms are few in number, their products are standardized to some extent ; their size makes new entry very difficult ; there is much nonprice competition ; there is little if any, price competition ; while there may be no collusion, there does seem to be much price leadership. V. Cartel A  cartel  is a group of companies, countries or other entities that agree to work together to influence market  prices by controlling the production and sale of a particular product. Cartels  tend to spring from oligopolistic industries, where a few companies or countries generate the entire supply of a product. This small production base means that each producer must evaluate its rivals' potential reactions to certain business decisions. When oligopolies compete on price, for example, they tend to drive the product's price throughout the entire industry down to the cost of production, thereby lowering profits for all producers in the  oligopoly. These circumstances give oligopolies strong incentive to collude in order to maximize their joint  profit. Members of a cartel generally agree to avoid various competitive practices, especially price reductions. Members also often agree on production quotas to keep supply levels down and prices up. These agreements may be formal or they may consist of simple recognition that competitive behavior would be harmful to the industry. A cartel is formed when a group of independently owned businesses agrees not to compete with each other in areas such as prices, territories, and production. A cartel agreement is considered a collusive agreement in that the different parties agree not to allow market forces to determine their pricing, production, and other business practices. Rather, the members of the cartel agree on such matters as what price to charge, how much to produce, and which markets to serve. * Rice in the Philippines is cartelized. There are seven rice cartels here in the Philippines, all controlled by Filipino-Chinese traders. Cartels use legitimate rice traders cooperatives or farmers cooperatives to get rice importation permits. These permits are then used to procure rice from abroad. What traders do is put aside the whole milled rice with that of the broken. Normally, when we buy a kilo of rice. A kilo of rice differs in prices depending on the composition of whole and broken rice. Normally, its 70-30, meaning 70% whole grains with 30% broken ones. The percentage of broken rice decreases if the trader wants to increase price. So price really depends on how small or how little the percentage of broken rice you have in a kilo. If you buy a kilo of whole grain, that is higher than that of all broken rice. VI . Summary We have seen that there are four basic market structure in the Philippines. Producers are led by the profit motive to produce those goods and services which the consumers want. They try to do this at the minimum possible cost in order to maximize their profits. Moreover, there is a competition among a number of producers, they will each try to keep the price of their product low in order to attract the consumers. The goods produced are made available in the market by traders. They also act in their own self interest. VII. Analysis The Philippines economy is the world’s 43rd largest in the world as of 2012. The Philippines has undergone a transformation from being an agricultural based country to a industrialized country. The economy is now vastly dependent on the services and manufacturing sector. The country has a total labor force of around 38. 1 million. Labour and capital intensive industries can be distinguished in terms of their employment generating potential. A labour intensive industry or method of production, can be considered to be one which generates more employment per unit of investment. VIII. Conclusion Therefore I conclude that the operation of market forces brings out the best results when there is Pure Competition in the economy. Pure competition is a situation where there are a very large number of firms producing the same product, and size of no firms is so large that can exercise dominating influence over market. Under these conditions, the competition between the firms is such that they tend to manufacture their products at a very competitive price and a high level of efficiency and productivity prevails in the market. IX. Recommendation I therefore recommend that the monopoly company in the Philippines to lessen their price cost for the consumer because as we all know that they are only supplier of the electricity in the country. All of the people over the country pay for their business and if they will do that the whole country will benefit on it and it will not affect their firm even if they got 1 peso per consumer because every Filipino purchased their product (Electricity) and one of the most important thing in a business is electricity. And for cartels to be fair in doing their products, arrangements and mergers that limit  competition. Traditionally, when we fail in fixing the economy, and fail to anticipate the rise of this basic staple, sure enough, expect a potential crisis in the streets. And if we do not balance the competition between one another there will be no effect in the growth of the economy of our country. X. References http://www. scribd. com/ http://www. britannica. com. ph/ http://www. investinganswers. com/ http://www. enotes. com/ http://www. newphilrevolution. com/ Economics for managers

Technology for Disabled essays

Technology for Disabled essays Technology for the disabled has made numerous advances over the recent years. The things they have been doing to help disabled people to be able to stay with the advances that have been going on in the world is proceeding nicely. This helps the disabled do basic things that we have thought to be an easily accessible occurrence. For example the Internet, all we have to do is turn on the computer and follow the mouse pointer to the designated icon, where as blind people have to do different things. The different types of input devices for the disabled are brail printers, brail displays, and brail keyboards; these are the most common types of brail devices. They also have screen enhancers, and magnifiers that have a specific task that can be done to help out certain people. Another type of key advancement is the use of audio channels. Another aspect that needs to be introduced is something that we do every day at Purdue University Calumet; print papers out. It is an every day occu rrence for us, but what if you wanted it printed out in brail text. Know the paper will show these tools in more detail and with more precise descriptions on how it will help. First the use of brail devices is well established in today's society. There are many types of brail devices like a notebook PC with Integrated Braille Access for the Blind. BRAILLEX Compact is equipped with state-of-the-art processor technology (Pentium processor) and can be upgraded with up to 40 MB of memory (www.tvi-web.com). This gives the blind people plenty of computer power to work with DOS or with one of the popular graphical user interfaces like Windows or OS/2. This helps them to have the same advantages as normal people. BRAILLEX Compact's numerous interfaces make it have a lot of options to go for. You may connect an (external) QWERTY keyboard, a VGA monitor, Braille printers, a scanner, modem, speech synthesizer, and all the usual type of accessories. One of the...

Writing an Email at College. Basic Rules

Writing an Email at College. Basic Rules Email Etiquette For Students The times, when you needed to talk to your professor face-to-face, discussing details of the assignment or asking for a piece of advice, have long gone! Now you can simply send an email and reach your professor in a blink of an eye (of course if he allows). In order to avoid misunderstandings and awkward situations, it is important to know the peculiarities of email etiquette. To simplify the process, we have collected the best tips for students of all academic levels and background. Just use them and become an email guru. To Send or Not to Send? Situations, when you can email the tutor or other college staff: You have faced an urgent problem, which should be solved without delays but the receiver is not in the office; You have a solid excuse for not attending the office in person. For example, you are out of town or ill; The question is very simple and requires a very brief answer; Your assignment can be sent via email. When you shouldn’t email your tutor or college staff: The problem is too difficult to be solved via email; Delivering assignment to the tutor, who made it clear that he doesn’t want to receive an electronic version of the paper; Asking for prolongation of the assignment; The topic of the letter is time-consuming and requires quite a long conversation. Appropriate Email Address If you want to get in touch with your professor, it is necessary to use a college email (if you have it) or make sure that your address is professional and appropriate if you are using another email provider. This will prevent you from feeling awkward, because contacting a tutor, using an email like [emailprotected] may is not the best idea. If your email address consists only of initials, you need to identify your personality in the letter. If your class is really big, you also need to specify details of the division and class to make sure the professor knows the sender. For example, this is Anna Kent from Chemistry class 9.30 – 10.30, division 002. Always Use the Subject Line Never neglect to fill in the subject line, as you will surely seem unprofessional. Writing an email, you need to make sure the subject line contains all the information on what your letter is about. If you don’t fill in this section, your email may end up in a spam folder. The system will simply recognize it as a random content and will find it not relevant. Contact Your Tutor Directly Instead of immediately starting the letter with your request, it is better to show your respect and set a professional tone for the whole email. Start your letter with ‘Dear Dr. Jones’ or ‘Good morning Dr. Richards.’ Be Polite Not depending on the reasons why you are writing the letter to your tutor, you must remain polite and calm. Never demand anything, don’t accuse your professor and don’t forget to use words like please or thank you. When working on the email, stick to professional academic style. Instead of slang, use a broader vocabulary. Remain Specific You need to remember that there are thousands of students in your school or college, so it is entirely possible that your professor gets tens or even hundreds of letters every day. He doesn’t have much time reading long and confusing emails, so it is important to make your letter brief and straight to the point. Make sure you concentrate on a single subject without any confusing details and irrelevant topics. Remain Positive It is quite easy to be wrongly interpreted, especially when you are sending an email and not talking face-to-face. That is why you should avoid using negative words and expressions not to seem depressed, scared or blaming professor for something. However, emoticons, smiley faces or winks are not appropriate if you are sending an email to your tutor or college staff. Mention Attached Files Most likely your tutor will open the attachment either way, but it will still be more professional to indicate what you have attached. Include the name of the file, its format and program’s version to the description. For example, It is attached: ‘Mr.SmithEssay.doc.’ This file is in MS Word 2016. The best format to send your attachment is PDF, which is compatible not depending on the operating system your professor uses. Letters of Problems and Complains Ideally, all of the negative aspects should be addressed during a personal meeting. However, if the problem can’t wait and your tutor is not in the office, you can write an email being very careful and attentive. Remember that you shouldn’t write the letter when you are angry, so before pressing the send button and regretting afterward, try to take some time to cool down. Proper Ending Never press the ‘send’ button right after writing the last sentence of your request. To make sure that your email is professional and appropriate, you should always end it in a respectful manner. Use such ending, as Thank you, Kind regards, Respectfully, Sincerely and add your full name. Every email provider has a Signature feature in the setting menu, where you can enter the text, which will be added automatically to every letter. For example: Sincerely, Amanda Boyle Proofreading and Editing Before sending your letter, make sure you reread it a few times to eliminate grammar and spelling mistakes. Your email must be academic and professional, and not as if you were sending funny puppy videos to your classmates. Once again check whether your email consists of full sentences contains no slang and abbreviations. When your email is edited, you can hit the send button. To establish and maintain positive relationships with your tutor and college staff, you need to pay careful attention to the etiquette, when writing emails. Mentioned above tips will surely help you with creating a professional, polite and specific email to reach any goal you may have.

Comparing Media Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Comparing Media Systems - Essay Example With objective strategies aimed at making Facebook one of the most competitive social media, the management led by Mark Zuckerberg (founder), has been able to reduce the cost of operation. Currently, it is estimated that this media system has been spending about $536 million to meet its cost of operation. This amount is too low compared to the revenue generated explaining why Facebook continue to dominate the social media industry. Facebook has played a significant role in connecting people from different parts of the world. It is one of the cheapest means of communication that allows friends, and family members to connect and express their emotions. Currently, groups with common interests can are allowed to create a ‘group page’ which they can use to communicate without necessarily having to meet physically. With tight schedules that many people have, meeting physically continues to become a big challenge. Keeping people in touch has some psychological impact. Unlike ot her transitional media systems such as CNN, Facebook allows individuals to express their emotions through communication. This according to psychologists is imperative in stress alleviation. Facebook is also a source of information that has made it possible for people to know what is happening in different parts of the world. Just like other electronic and print media systems, Facebook can allow individuals know, and even contribute to difference social phenomena happening in different parts of the world. Politicians, businessmen, artists, and other influential forces have taken advantage of the Facebook to target their clients. In 2008 presidential debate in the United States, Facebook was one of the main communication tool that was used to allow target voters to follow events live and make their contributions. With the help of ABC in collaboration with Alselm College, a Facebook App that would make it possible for communication in this kind of setting was developed. This therefore makes facebook one of the unprecedented transnational media systems, which allow people to have a say in political and other social issues. Businesspersons have also taken advantage facebook to market their products, target and retain customers. They keep target customers informed about what they produce, where they can find them, and the price. Facebook has therefore made a positive impact in e-commerce, a phenomenon that has taken shape in the business world. Through this process, many companies have been able to increase their customer base, which consequently leads to more sales and profits. 2. Social impact of facebook While facebook has made a lot of impact on the society, this paper shall focus on the social impact. The latter will seek to analyze how facebook has transformed the lives of the people globally. In dealing with the issue of social impact of Facebook, the following questions shall be addressed: How has facebook enhanced social bonds, and communication? How does f acebook enhance information dissemination? How has facebook fostered relationship between clients and businesspersons? What are some of the criticisms of social impact of facebook? 1. Facebook and social bonds The media system theory of dependency is imperative inn explaining the kind of media that people choose. It also explains why people prefer certain

The European Monetary Union the Challenges It Faces Essay

The European Monetary Union the Challenges It Faces - Essay Example According to the report ceo-functionalism as well as inter-governmentalism are both macro-level theories of international relations, which are especially developed with a view to illustrate, elucidate and envisage the European integration as a process.Such macro-economic frameworks help in better understanding of certain ‘history making’ decisions. As the paper declares the attribute which can be most strongly associated with the neofunctionalist approach with regard to the study of European integration and which symbolized the most noteworthy advance upon Mitrany’s perspective is the process of spill over. This process can be divided into two major parts – sectoral or functional spill-over which is associated with the growth of assimilative activities spanning from one sector to another. For instance, the expansion of policies related to coal and steel to agriculture and transport. The other attribute of the political spill-over entails politicization of sectoral activities whereby the harmonization of monetary policies is substituted by a more centralized system of governance. The entire process of spillover is aptly described in the Merger Treaty which was signed in 1965 and which was primarily aimed at merging of the three treaties of Rome namely the ECSC, the EURATOM (European Atomic Community) and the EEC (E uropean Economic Community). The treaty aimed for a single commission and a single council of the three European communities.

Plastic Water Bottles and Their Environmental Impacts Research Proposal

Plastic Water Bottles and Their Environmental Impacts - Research Proposal Example Amazingly, thousands of plastic water bottles are used across the globe within a year. Consequently, a lot of money is used in producing and purchasing the plastic water bottles in a year. In addition to huge expenses in producing and purchasing plastic water bottles, it is important to note that more than 85% of the plastic bottles are not recycled especially within the United States of America (Claudio). In New Zealand, data indicate that more than 78% of the plastic bottles are not recycled. Approximately more than 80% of plastic bottles are not recycled within the globe. Such plastic bottles are found lying around the environment. Astonishingly, plastic bottles take over 700 years to decompose and this can take up to 1000 years to fully decompose (Claudio).There are other data and information that continues to cause a serious shock with respect to the environmental impacts of plastic bottles. For instance, it is believed that approximately 1500 plastic bottles end up into the var ious oceans of the world every second. That would amount to hundreds of thousands of such bottles into the oceans (Halden 180). In terms of production, companies use approximately 3 to 5 liters of water to make one bottle and approximately 151 billion liters of oil every year to produce annual quantities of plastic bottles. Notably, 151 billion liters of oil is enough to fuel approximately 500,000 cars in a year (Claudio). The fact that these statistics are shocking indicates that manufacturing plastic bottles are as expensive as the environmental impacts they (plastic bottles) cause.

Development of First Person Shooter (FPS) Games

Development of First Person Shooter (FPS) Games First-person shooter (FPS) is a video game that shows the game play around gun and projectile weapon-based combat in the perspective of main person. The player experiences the action via the protagonist eye view. In general, the first-person shooter shares common characters along with some other shooter games. From the genres inception, advanced 3D graphics elements have challenged the hardware development, also the multiplayer gaming has been integral. First-person shooters are a type of 3D shooter game, featuring a first person point of view with which the player sees the action through the eyes of the player character. Usually, a player goes through a series of levels. The best examples are Halo series, the Left 4 Dead and Half-Life series, and Golden Eye: 007. General: There are many different types of PC games in the market today. From the flight simulators to a real-time strategy, all the varieties have created niche markets amongst several computer gamers. First-Person Shooter is one of the swiftly growing game-types. Over-the-shoulder shooter games other game names which are based upon relatively premises comes under First-Person Shooter as a subcategory. We can see through the eyes of main character. The goal will be very simple for such games. However, reducing the genre to simplistic elements fails to appreciate the reasons that these games are so popular. First-person shooters implements latest technology and lead the industry. Later it provided support for multi-player gaming, also generated praise and condemnation. As we all know that the action games are fun-packed and thrilling thus become very popular. In this game, we need to use weapons, reflexes and special moves in order to beat the opponents and move ahead in the game. There are many types of shooter games. Content Analysis: In recent years, violent video games have become very popular. Every player creates their individual game content depending on the user s decisions and actions in a game. Individual game content concepts are essential for the evaluation of potential effects of media usage on cognitions, affects, and behavior. This study analyses the individually generated content with high temporal resolution. Continuous heart rate, skin conductance are associated with game content, which distinguishes the different game playing phases and transitions. In both intra-player and inter-player levels, Playing phases and transitions between playing phases are analyzed. History: The First-Person Shooters were evolved since 1970 s. Maze War and Spasim were started in 1973. However, the completion date is unknown. Later in 1974, University of Illinois was developed which was a rudimentary space flight simulator, and also first-person perspective. Detailed combat flight simulators and tank simulator development were influenced from Spasim. In 1980, Battlezone was released which is a tank game. First-person viewpoint and 3D graphics were successfully launched in 1983 for home computers In 1987, MIDI Maze was released which was an early first-person shooter. Through the MIDI interface it used to network multiplayer games before Ethernet and Internet was introduced. In 1991, Id Softwares Hovertank 3D developed ray casting knowledge to enable faster gameplay for vehicle simulators. Later advanced texture mapping was introduced though Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss. In 1992, role-playing game by Looking Glass Technologies introduced first person viewpoint and an advanced graphics engine. Due to violence associated with the First person shooters, they sometimes attract the negative attention of parents and censorship. They are liked by some and hated by others. However, now the First person shooters have evolved to be more than just mindless violence. The first FPS is Wolfenstein which was released in 1992 by id software. He Introduced super graphics, high quality sound, and unique playing styles and remained popular. In 1993, Doom was released by id software which was a big turning point in the First person shooters history. It was more powerful and advanced than Wildenstein, as it has a much larger weapons variety. One of its main selling points was its ability to stage multiplayer games. Due to Doom s success, id software has literally become the king of FPS game developers. In 1995, Star Wars were made into a FPS- Dark Forces by LucasArts. It is inspired by the movie, Star Wars. Later in 1996, RPG/FPS named Dagger fall was released by Bethesda Soft works. During this period, even the other genres are merged with FPS. One could fight enemies with swords, ride horses, join guilds, buy houses, burglarize shops, and even become a devil. In 1996, ID Software released Quake which was the first FPS to move from 2-dimensional pop-up enemies to fully 3-dimensional models. The gamers require 3D accelerator cards for high performance to play this game. In 1997, its sequel was released as Quake 2, which won much acclaim from both the gamers and critics. Golden Eye 007 which was one of the most popular console FPSs of all time was released in 1997 influenced from the movie of the same name. In 1998, the game Half-Life was released by Valve. It changed the gaming world by making its place as the greatest in the FP shooter. Amazing graphics, highly artificial environment, and a playing style influenced by movie. Thief: The Dark Project was released in the same year which emphasizes on stealth element. In 2000, Monolith Productions released No One Lives Forever. In 2001, Halo for Xbox was released by Bungie Studios. The story is futuristic and involves Master Chief fighting an alien cult and zombies in marine. In 2004, an incredibly cinematic Doom 3 was launched with the story based on mars. Later in 2004, Half-Life 2 was released which was considered as the greatest first person shooter ever. It features includes highly advanced graphics, amazing physics engine, and a super artificial intelligence. The complete history of First person shooters in brief above shows how the First person shooters have continued to push the sheath of graphics, sound, and game play. In the past decade, FPS achieved new heights. Making the gaming experience much more cinematic and realistic, First person shooters immerse the player into a completely new fascinating world. Difference between First Person Shooters and Third Person Shooters Due to crossover of features and other recent overlaps, differences between First person shooters and third person shooters continues to exist some confusion. One of the most basic differences is the character s perspective. In a FP shooters game, the player is the main character; and his viewpoint is through his own eyes. He will not be able to see himself, however, can view the surroundings. In FP shooters, you almost blow up everything you see. Hands and weapons can be seen at the bottom of the screen as the action is taking place through the eyes of the character. However, in third person shooter game, the main character can see himself on the screen. In Third-person shooters game, the surrounding environment was more clearly visible to the players. It helps the player to be more interactive with the surrounding environment. The main difference, between FP Shooters and Third Person Shooters, is the player perception in interacting with objects is more optimal. As the Third Person Shooter can see himself in the middle of the action, he can usually do some really kick-butt maneuvers like Jackie Chan style back flips and side rolls. That is the reason, the game designer is allowed to create more strongly characterized avatar, and directs the players attention as if watching a film. The boundaries between FP Shooters and Third-Person Shooters are not always clear. While the main character is driving a vehicle, many FPS games switch to a third-person viewpoint. In many other games like- Metroid Prime and Combat, the combination of first-person for aiming and third-person for driving has been used. Technology Advanced technology and Internet has led to the development of a number of multiplayer First person shooters. Multiplayer FP Shooter games online allows you to interact with players from all around the world and enjoy the FPS games online with them. You can even make teams online so as to kill the enemies easily. One of the most popular FP Shooter games online is Counter Strike is. In Counter Strike, you can interact with team partners so as to form the strategy on the selection of the weapons, decide the location and then fight enemies. Some FPS games focus on the storyline too, beside the action. Experiencing a different kind of world, you need to find clues and kill enemies silently so as to move ahead in the game. Half-Life is one such game. As a group, first-person shooters tend to be driving forces in accelerating the development of computer software and hardware. Other types of games are now trying to keep up, but FPSs have a clear lead in the technology race. The rise of the 3D graphics accelerator cannot be accredited to business applications; it is rooted firmly in computer games. It could be argued that 3Dfx, the company that created the Voodoo chipset used by several graphics cards, owes much of its success to GL Quake. A short list few FPS games: Zero Tolerance (Raycaster) Wolfenstein 3-D (Raycaster) Duke Nukem (Raycaster) Shadow Warrior (Raycaster) Doom (Raycaster) Rise of The Triad (Raycaster) Quake (3D) Quake 2 (3D) Quake III: Arena (3D) Hexen (Raycaster) Counter Strike 1.6 (3D) Counter Strike Source (3D) Shogo: Mobile Armor Division (3D) No One Lives Forever (3D) Half-Life (3D) Half-Life 2 (3D) Unreal (3D) Unreal Tournament (3D) Unreal Tournament 2004 (3D). Some popular first person shooter games description Maze war developer Steve colley, Platform; mlac PDS-1, Mac, NeXT Computer, PalmOS, Xerox Star. Release date on -INT 1974. Genre- First person shooter. Model-Single player, multiplayer Maze War (also known as The Maze Game, Maze Wars, Maze war, or simply Maze) is a historically significant video game. Maze War originated or disseminated a number of concepts used in thousands of games to follow, and is considered one of the earliest, if not the earliest, examples of a first person shooter. By later standards, gameplay has become simple. Characters in the game roam in a maze, and also capable of moving right or left, backward or forwards and entering through the doors. Other characters are represented as eyeballs. They are able to shoot each other, when a character sees another character. By shooting other players, the main player will get the points for, and if he is shot he will be lost in the game. Occasionally, a duck also appears in the passage in some versions. At that time, this is a great standard for network games. Maze war game. Wolfenstein 3D Wolfenstein 3D: Rise in popularity: 1992 1995 Generally, video game named Wolfenstein 3D is regarded as popular first-person shooter genre on the PC. Also, created the basic archetype which is subsequent games of same genre. It was published by Apogee Software and created by id Software. It was inspired by the 1980s Muse Software computer games Castle Wolfenstein and Beyond Castle Wolfenstein and released on May 5, 1992. The protagonist who is an American soldier, William B.J. in Wolfenstein 3D. While escaping from the Nazi stronghold of Castle Wolfenstein, Blazkowicz comes across many armed guards and attack dogs. The building consists of many hidden rooms with various food supplies, treasures, and medical kits, also three different guns and ammunition. GAME CHARACTER OF Blazkowicz in Wolfenstein 3D Details of the character Height: 6 ft, 4Weight: 210 lbs, Pros: Killed Hitler, Deployed at least 14 times Super Muscular When hes not busy killing Nazis he goes kill more Nazis, His grandson is Commander Keen, Can heal himself by eating a Hot Meal GAME PLAY of Wolfenstein 3D Each episode has ten missions (levels) which are supposed to be completed level wise. Entrance to the tenth which is a secret one can be found in the eighth level. However, we are supposed to complete only nine levels. The third episode which is a secret level can be identified in which one of the original Pac-Man levels, complete with ghosts, seen by the player from Pac-Mans perspective was recreated. ExMx map/level naming convention was first used in Wolfenstein 3D. In order to complete the episode, all the bosses need to be killed in each level. Boss enemies are drawn from one angle instead of eight unlike normal enemies. So the player cannot take them by surprise or sneak up on them. Also, they always face the player, in the first encounter. Until they see the player, bosses will not become active. A death cam (which is a replay of death) will be shown after the death of every boss. The early concept of the game included some innovative stealth concepts dragging dead bodies, swapping uniforms with fallen guards, silent attacks, etc., like in the earlier Wolfenstein games, which focused more on stealth than action. These ideas were dropped however, since they drastically slowed the game down and made the controls complicated. In game screen shot of wolfenstein 3d In game screen shot of wolfenstein 3d Halo: History of halo: Nothing says that you are a saint like having a bright halo over your head. The bright circle located at apex of the savior and the noodle of Catholic saints. Most of them lived nothing like is one of the most iconic symbols in Christendom. That is the reason; it could come as an astounding thing to learn many other icons related to Christendom. Halo was actually stolen from pagans and other religions. In ancient drawings in deities from Indian, Greek and Roman culture, a nebulous nimbus of luminosity was discovered on cave paintings. In ancient times, kings used to like to be portrayed with celestial crowns. The sole purpose is to establish special relationship with their particular gods who lives somewhere up in the sky. Halo is a video game franchise related to science fiction published by Microsoft Game Studios and created by Bungie. Main trilogy of the game centers experiences the Master Chief, an enhanced human super-soldier, and AI companion. The trilogy of video games was praised as being among the best first-person shooters on video game console. It is also considered as the Microsoft Xboxs killer app. It leads to the term Halo killer. As a developer Ensemble Studios last project, Halo games was launched into other video game genres, including Halo Wars which is a real-time strategy game. For the expansion of Halo 3: ODST and a prequel Halo: Reach, even the Bungie also contributed. Concept arts of Halo game. Screen shots of game halo HALFLIFE2 Half-Life 2 is a science fiction FP shooter game and sequel to the highly acclaimed Half-Life. It was developed by Valve Corporation and was released on Nov 16th 2004. The game uses the Source game engine, which includes a heavily modified version of the Havok physics engine. It is also known as the first video game to require online product activation. Later it was ported to Xbox and Mac OS X. It is a part of Orange Box compilation for PS 3 video game consoles and Xbox 360. Half-Life 2 takes place in a dystopian world in which the events of Half-Life have fully come to bear on human society, which has been enslaved by a multidimensional empire known as the Combine. Gameplay of Half life 2; Half-Life 2 is a FP shooter, following relative mechanics from its predecessor, Half-Life. At the bottom of the screen we can see the players health, energy, and ammunition status. Also, we can view the available weapons while toggling between screens. By picking up medical supplies and energy cells, the player can replenish his health and energy. Throughout the game we can see the puzzles and sequences involving vehicles. The player defeats his enemies with varied assortment of hand weapons. The modern-day projectile weapons like shotgun, pistol, submachine gun etc, are used. Also, more elaborate, fictional weapons like crossbow (shoots hot metal rods), a pulse rifle (disintegrate enemies on contact) are available. Some screen shots and game views of Half life 2 Conclusion: First person shooters are new phase in gaming world. With their advanced technology and sophisticated environment, FP Shooters gives a player thrilling experience. In every aspect it offers a great excitement with fast pace while playing. They give you the complete freedom to configure everything just the way you want it.

U.S. and Russian Relations After the Defeat of the USSR Essay -- essay

US and Russia relations after the defeat of the USSR: The end of Cold War brought new challenges to Russian life, economy and politics. Actually, the post-Cold War period opened the new opportunities for Russia. Democracy made its first steps in the country. After seventy years of communism Russian people finally got a chance to live how the want, to say what they want and to do what they want. People got a chance to choose their own leader, to vote for the Congress members. And it was very confusing for the country. Russia needed somebody to come out and help in this critical situation. Probably, the first country to do that was the United States. Russians "needed and wanted effective advise and technical help from the United States" (Pickering 102). And the most amazing thing was that the United States didn't mind and, actually, wanted to help Russia. But why? Why the United States wanted to help Russians? And I think the answer to that is very simple: the United States realized that America and Russia must not think of each other as natural enemies, but must work together to make more peaceful world, even if they were ready to destroy each other not that long ago. United States needed Russia as a strong partner in the twenty first century. Russia went through many changes in its economy since the Russian Federation took over the Soviet Union. "An economy devoted almost entirely to the production of military goods was forced to begin to provide what its citizens demanded, not what its rulers ordered" (Pickering 100). But it wasn't that easy. Russian government appeared to be unexperienced in modernizing the economy. Most of the people in government came from the school of the Soviet Union, so they were unable to do anything without somebody's help. "... the United States provided Russia with massive augments of experience, delivered through government and private sector advisors as well as by bringing Russians in large numbers to the US for training and exchanges" (Pickering 102). But the help of the US wasn't just a gift; America had something they got out of the help they were providing in building the Russian economy. All big American companies went to the Russian market. "American firms are convinced of Russia's extraordinary potential as the market for US trade and as a host for investments" (Pickering 102). ... ...ometimes media writes about the United States as the country that wants to ruin Russia. "Americans who operate exchange programs and conduct research in Russia are concerned about a report attributed to a government agency there that characterized such US-sponsored activities as espionage" (Desruisseaux A44). I don't think that this is what Russians think. That is the opinion of those who had a good life during Communism. "Many Russians realize that the efforts represented by this supposed report are efforts to weaken and cripple Russia, and cut it off from the rest of the world" (Desruisseaux, A44). And this is exactly what Russians think. And I don't believe all those rumors about the next Cold War in the next century. Russia and United States have to work together to make the next century more peaceful then this one. Works Cited Desruisseaux, Paul "Report in Russia accuses US-backed programs of espionage." Chronicle of Higher Education 24 Januay 1995: A44 Pickering, Thomas A. "US - Russia relations." Vital Speeches of the Day 1 December 1994: 100-103 Zorpette, Glenn "Down the drain." Scientific American December 1996: 20, 24

Internet Phishing Essay

Internet Phishing is the 21st century crime with stories running all over the globe on how victims are succumbing to this attack. While the people carrying out this task, have continually developed more sophisticated methods of crime, while on the other hand, businesses have been continuously searching for solutions on how to protect their customers’ personal data and increase their email security. While most of the organizations around the world are battling for better and safer solutions, most of them are taking intermediary steps to prevent phishing. This paper intends to discuss the technologies and security flaws that are used by Phishers to exploit data. Along with this, the some neutral advise is also presented on how to combat the growing issue of Phishing. The word â€Å"phishing† initially comes from the equivalence that early Internet criminals used email lures to â€Å"phish† for passwords and economic data from a group of Internet users. The use of â€Å"ph† in the terminology is partly lost with time and has been most likely associated with other hacking words like â€Å"Phreaks† which traces back to early hackers who were involved in â€Å"phreaking† _ the hacking of telephone systems. Phishing makes use of most of the popular internet communication channels, spoofed messages in order to lure victim into their trap in order to steal the electronic identity of the victim. Phishing is related to the act of tricking customers with their confidential information for despicable use. Phishing targets the use of mass emails like Spam and most often make the use of bots to automatically target victims. Any online business may find Phishers masquerading as them and targeting their customer base. The size of the organization does not matter much over here but it is the value of the information that is reaped by such types of attacks. There has been an escalating amount of increase in the number of phishing attacks and now the Phishers attack an audience size in the range of millions of users around the world. These email addresses have been found at the large online retail websites where internet users tend to submit their email id’s at the click of a mouse. Some of these websites have also been found to be fake and illegal which allow the Phishers to easily fool the users into submitting their personal information very easily before identifying any kind of safety issues. While the method of Spam was quite annoying and burdensome, Phishing has the potential to directly attack the important data and create losses due to illegal currency transfers. As the study suggests, over 57 million internet users in the United States have already identified the links in their emails to phishing scams. An astounding number of 1. 7 million people have already fallen prey to these phishing attacks and have been tricked into submitting their personal information. According to R James, â€Å"With various experts extolling proprietary additions or collaborative improvements to core message delivery protocols such as SMTP, organizations may feel that they must wait for third-party fixes to become available before finding a solution to Phishing. While the security failures within SMTP are indeed a popular exploit vector for Phishers, there are an increasingly array of communication channels available for malicious message delivery. † With time, the concept of Phishing has increased by many folds and now Phishers are luring the victims by a variety of ways to divulge their personal as well as financial information. Fake websites, installation of Trojan horse key-loggers and screen captures, and man-in-the-middle data proxies are some of these tools used by Phishers. These websites also include job sites and even lucrative job offers. People who are looking for huge amounts money on the internet within a short span of time, are the ones who are lured easily on these websites. These users open up a bank accounts and use this bank account to receive money and then transferring this money to their own personal bank accounts. These websites actually lure the victims by making them perform a number of safe looking actions that ultimately provides access to the user’s personal account information. Most of the communication channels that are most popularly used on the interne such as email, landing pages, IRC, messaging systems, are also used freely for the purpose of Phishing. In these cases, the phisher has to imitate a faithful source for the victim to believe. Till date the most successful of the phishing scams have been done with the help of emails. In these scams the Phisher copies some sending authority (e. g. spoofing the source email address and embedding appropriate corporate logos). For example, an internet user recives an email from an email address like support@bank. com and the email contains the subject line â€Å" security update† and contains a request as to validate their personal account information in order to stop a security threat that has been initiated on their account. After reading this emails, over 70% of the internet users would be willing to send their personal account information in order to get verified by contacting the email sender and requesting them to cancel the order or the transaction. After this the phisher now asks them to divulge their personal information and thus easily lures the victim into his trap. Countering the Threat As already stated above there are a number of phishing methods that can be used by the Phishing community. To combat these threats, there are a mix of information security technologies and techniques that are available for the internet users in order to safeguard their personal data from Phishing scams. For the best results and safety, these safety measures should be put onto the three logical layers of the system in question.